The muscle responsible for this movement, the levator anguli oculi medialis, is present in domestic dogs but largely absent in their wild ancestors, gray wolves. This anatomical difference suggests that the expressive eyebrow movement evolved specifically to facilitate human-dog interaction.
The development of this muscle is believed to have been influenced by human preferences during the domestication process. Dogs that could effectively use facial expressions to communicate were more likely to receive care and attention from humans, leading to a selective advantage for those traits.
This adaptation not only enhanced dogs’ ability to express emotions but also strengthened the emotional bond between humans and their canine companions.
Source: PetMD

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